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避孕新手必知手册

2010-01-22 16:15:0039健康网社区
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核心提示:你是避孕新手吗?你是否有很多避孕的问题不清楚?来吧,我们妈富隆有专业的解答团队

  问题

  I recently had a bad cold and my healthcare provider put me on antibiotics. Can these or other medications change the effectiveness of my birth control pills?

  最近我感冒了,医生选用抗生素为我治疗。这些药物能降低避孕效果吗?

  专家答疑

  A variety of medications can interact with the birth control pill including antibiotics such as penicillins, tetracyclines and cephalosporins, anticonvulsants and antifungals. Some of these medications can affect the action of oral contraceptives, resulting in the failure of your pill to prevent pregnancy. By the same token, the pill itself may enhance or decrease the effectiveness of certain medications. It抯 important for you to keep your healthcare provider and pharmacist informed of any medications you’re on. If you’re sexually active while taking any of the above-noted medications, I recommend using a backup method of birth control. It’s always best to play it safe. You can obtain more information on the interaction between oral contraceptives and other types of medication by visiting the online resources I’ve recommended.

  许多药物可以降低避孕效果,导致避孕失败。这些药物包括青霉素、四环素和头孢等抗生素、抗惊厥和抗真菌药。同样,避孕药也可以影响这些药物本身的治疗作用。让你的妇科医生和药剂师了解你的治疗方案是很重要的。如果在服用上述药物期间有性生活,建议同时采用其他避孕措施,以确保避孕效果。

  登陆我推荐的网站,你可以获得更多的关于口服避孕药与其他药物间的相互作用的知识。

  http://www.mycontraceptive.com/answer.asp?display=16&segment=new

  问题

  How has the pill improved?

  专家答疑

  The pills of today are vastly different from the varieties of 30 years ago. The earliest pills had significantly higher amounts of hormones, which caused many unwanted side effects. Today抯 pills are considered low dose, meaning they contain the lowest possible dose of hormones necessary to protect against pregnancy. The levels of estrogen have dropped from formulations as high as 100 mg to formulations with less than 50 mg. Lower estrogen means there is less likelihood that you may develop side effects, such as headaches or bloating, associated with higher-dose pills.

  Today, 98 percent of all pills used in developed countries are combined oral contraceptives (COCs), that is, they contain both estrogen and progestin. The other two percent of pills used contain progestins only. This type of pill, referred to as the mini-pill is typically prescribed during breastfeeding; studies have shown that it does not affect the quantity or quality of breast milk, and little, if any, progestin is transferred to the infant.

  Additionally, the advent of newer progestins, such as desogestrel, drospironone and norgestimate, have created a new generation of combined contraceptive pills.

  You can obtain more information about today’ pills on Mircette's Web site or the other online resources I’ve recommended.

  目前的避孕药与30年前的避孕药大不相同。早期的避孕药含高剂量的激素,引起许多副作用。

  目前的避孕药激素剂量很低,即仅含有起到避孕作用的最小激素剂量。孕激素的含量从过去的100mcg降到低于50mcg,孕激素的剂量越低,发生头疼、头晕等与高剂量孕激素相关的副作用的可能性越小。

  目前发达国家使用的98%的避孕药是复合型口服避孕药,即包括雌、孕两种激素。其余的2%仅含有孕激素。这种避孕药,即微丸,一般是在哺乳期服用的。研究表明,它并不影响乳汁的数量和质量,且不通过乳汁分泌。

  此外,随着新的孕激素的出现,产生了新一代的复合型口服避孕药。访问Mircette's Web site网站或其他在线资源,你将获得更多的关于目前避孕药的信息。

  http://www.mycontraceptive.com/answer.asp?display=66&segment=new

  问题

  I took the pill back in the 1970s when it was fairly new on the market. Am I too old to take the pill again?

  早在70年代我就服用过避孕药,那时市场上它还是新产品,现在我年纪大了,还可以服用避孕药吗?

  专家答疑

  The notion that women over 35 cannot take the pill is extremely outdated. Current studies show that women over 35 who do not smoke can take the pill right up to menopause. Many women even opt to take the pill during menopause as an alternative to hormone therapy. here are currently over 20 different kinds of birth control pills on the market, and today’s pill formulas are vastly different from those of the past. The doses of hormones in today’s pills are much lower than the earlier formulations. If you have none of the medical conditions that would prevent you from using a hormonal method of birth control, there is probably no reason why you can’t take the pill again. You can obtain more information on today’s pill from Mircette's Web site.

  Similarly, you may be a candidate for the vaginal ring, a hormonal method of birth control that provides the same level of protection as the pill, but is inserted monthly. To find out more information about the ring, visit NuvaRing’s Web site.

  年龄超过35岁不能服用避孕药的说法已经过时了。目前研究表明,年龄超过35岁不吸烟者,可以服用避孕药直至绝经。许多妇女在经期服用激素,作为激素替代治疗。目前市场上有20多种避孕药,结构与过去的避孕药大不相同。目前药物中的激素剂量明显比早期的低,如果你没有不能服用激素类避孕药的疾病,那么完全可以继续服用避孕药。登陆Mircette's Web site网站,你可以了解更多的关于目前避孕药的知识。

  另外,你也可以选择含激素的阴道环,它与避孕药的效果一样,但每月需要放一次。可以登陆NuvaRing’s Web site. 网站,了解更多的关于阴道环的知识。

  http://www.mycontraceptive.com/answer.asp?display=78&segment=new

  问题

  Sometimes I find it difficult to take my birth control pill at exactly the same time everyday? Will I still be protected?

  每天很难都在同一时间服药,那么还有避孕效果吗?

  专家答疑

  The risk of unwanted pregnancy increases in those who forget a pill for more than 24 hours. If you’ve forgotten one pill and you are less than 48 hours late, you generally don’t need to worry if you take your pill as soon as possible. You must then resume taking your next pill at the usual time. In the event that it has been more than 48 hours, you must take your missed pill as soon as possible and the next pills on schedule; however you must also use a backup form of birth control such as a condom with spermicide for the next seven days. If a pill has been forgotten at the end of the pill packet, users are advised to use additional contraception (exlcuding the "placebo" pills) for seven days and start a new pill pack immediately without the seven-day break. If you missed tablets in the first week of starting a pill packet and you had intercourse in the week before the tablets were missed, you run the risk of being pregnant. You may want to consider using a reminder tool such as Mircette’s RemindHer card. I’ve also recommended some online resources that provide tips on using the pill and what to do if you forget to take it.

  If you find that you’re continually forgetting to take the pill, you may want to try another method of birth control, such as the vaginal ring. The vaginal ring provides the same level of protection as the pill, but is inserted monthly. To find out more information about the ring, visit NuvaRing’s Web site.

  漏服超过24小时,会增加意外怀孕的风险。如果漏服一片避孕药时间短于48小时,且想起来时立即补服,一般不必担心怀孕。但你必须在常规时间服用下一片药。如果超过48小时,想起来时,必须补服已经漏服的药片,继续在常规时间服剩下的药片。然而在接下来的七天必须采用辅助避孕措施,如避孕套、杀精剂。如果在服用末期漏服,一般建议服用其他的避孕药七天,包括安慰剂。之后,开始服用下一盒避孕药,无七天停药期。如果在第一周漏服,在这一周漏服前有性生活的话,你有怀孕的可能性。你可以考虑使用提醒工具,如Mircette’s 提示卡. 我推荐的网络资源可以告诉你如何服用避孕药及漏服后的处理方法。如果你经常忘记服药 ,可以考虑其他的避孕措施,如阴道环,它与避孕药的药效相似,但需每月放一次。登陆NuvaRing’s Web site网站,你可以了解更多的信息。

  http://www.mycontraceptive.com/answer.asp?display=110&segment=new

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